| ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭ 1972 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠶᠢᠳ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1999 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠨᠢᠰᠤᠬᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠬᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠺᠲ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠴᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ | ᠴᠢᠩᠬᠤᠸᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠫᠤᠰᠲ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠺᠲ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 2002-2004 | ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠧᠠᠲ᠋ᠧ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠯᠧᠺᠲ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | 2004-2005 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠲᠷᠠᠲᠬᠪᠯᠶ᠋ᠳᠡ ︵strathblyde︶ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠬᠡᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠬᠴᠢ ᠵᠤᠴᠢᠮᠠᠳ | ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 2005 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠴᠢᠩᠬᠤᠸᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠬᠡᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠫᠷᠤᠹᠧᠰᠰᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠬᠡᠮᠯᠢᠭ ︵AIAA︶ | ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠱᠠᠩᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠤᠨᠴᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠᠳᠤ | ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ︽ᠬᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠦᠯ︾ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠺᠤᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠃ ᠬᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠨᠤᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠨᠵᠧᠨ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠫᠷᠤᠹᠧᠰᠰᠤᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ | 100 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ 20 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ | ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽973 ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ᠂ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠦᠩᠬᠦ᠂ ︽863 ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠬᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠡᠳᠡᠬᠡᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠢᠰᠤᠬᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠰᠢᠶ᠋ᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠬᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ︾ ᠪᠠ ︽ᠰᠢᠳᠢᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠯᠬᠡ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠰᠦᠪ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠬᠯᠠᠬᠳᠠᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︽ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠳᠤᠬᠡᠷ︾ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠩᠬᠤᠸᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳᠠᠳ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ᠂ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠢᠰᠤᠬᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠯᠳᠠ᠂ ᠨᠢᠰᠤᠬᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠯᠬᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ | ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠤᠷ ᠡᠬᠦᠳᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 2013 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠬᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ︽ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠮᠪᠦᠷᠴᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ | ᠰᠠᠷᠠ︾ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠮᠪᠦᠷᠴᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ | ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ︾ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ MIT ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠮᠡᠷᠬᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠬᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯ | ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ | ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ 2016 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠬᠰᠠᠨ | ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠦᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠴᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠢᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠷᠭᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | |